Research paper draft

• a description or definition of the program or policy, including a brief discussion of the scope of the problem (e.g., statistics) that the policy or program is trying to address;
• a discussion of the history of the program or policy, including why, where, and when it was created;
• a discussion of the purpose(s) or goal(s) of the program or policy (i.e., what it is designed to accomplish, who or what it is targeting); and
• a discussion of the elements of the program, including activities or actions designed to accomplish the program’s goals.

In addition, you should summarize empirical studies that have evaluated how effective the program or policy has been in achieving its goals. For each study, you may, but are not required to, include the following information:

• a summary of the research question examined,
• a summary of the population examined,
• a summary of how the data were obtained (i.e., the type of information collected),
• a summary of the findings as they relate to the thesis statement (e.g., evidence the author[s] found that supports it), and a brief discussion of any significant limitations to the findings.

All information contained in the paper must come from academic sources unless your instructor tells you otherwise. In addition, you should not rely on your own knowledge about the topic. Moreover, you must use a minimum of 10 academic sources when writing your paper. Your paper must be written in APA format and must include citations written in APA format. Failure to include citations constitutes plagiarism. Your paper must include a title page as well as a reference page. Points will be deducted from papers that do not meet the page requirement or that do not incorporate eight academic sources.

Structural Elements of the Capstone Research Report

Policy reports directly reflect the different roles that the policy analyst commonly plays, i.e. from researcher to advocate. The type of report that you are writing is one from the more action-oriented, advocacy end of the continuum (but that is nevertheless based purely on evidence and not your opinion). Although there is much variation even at this end of the scale, the most common elements of the policy brief are as follows:

• Title of the Policy Report
• Executive Summary
• Context and Importance of the Problem (also called the ‘Introduction’)
• Pre-existing Policies, Policy Options, and Research
• Conclusion
• Policy Recommendations
• Reference Page

  Thesis Statement 4

  Thesis Statement

  Irving Toruno

  Florida International University

  September 13, 2020

  Thesis Statement

  This paper contains a draft to the thesis statement that of the capstone research paper that I will write. Besides the thesis statement, it is also going to highlight the data that can be found on the articles that will be used for the final capstone project. The topic that I have selected for the capstone project is War on Drugs.

  Thesis statement: The American war in drugs has continued for many years now and has led to the creation of policies that are meant to aid the government in its war against drugs.

  Article 1

  Written by Coyne and Hall, Four Decades and Counting contains a clear history of the War on Drugs that has been fought by America for many years now. The paper has made an analysis of some policies that are being used by America to stage the war against drugs. On a broader scope, the paper has made looked into the failures of the some policies that are being used by the government.

  Article 2

  Addressing the war on drugs with an introduction of the war on drugs as well as its history, Kohn et al have presented a better way that the government can make its war against drugs better. The article has presented some approaches that can be used by the government on its war against drugs. A good example is highlighting the areas of collaboration that can be used by the law enforcement agencies of countries that are involved in the war against drugs.

  Article 3

  Written by Glen Olives Thompson, the last article for the capstone project addresses some of the issues that are being faced by the government as well as the challenges that it has encountered on its war against drugs. The implications it has on its partner’s such as Mexico have also been addressed in the article. The policies that have been made by the government as well as its neighbors has also been addressed in the article.

  References

  Coyne, C. J., & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four Decades and Counting the Continued Failure of the War on Drugs.

  Kohn, H. K., Kerlikowske, G., & Botticelli, M. P. (2018). A SmarterWar on Drugs. Jama Forum, 320(22).

  Olives Thompson, G. (2014). Slowly learning the hard way: U.S. America’s war on drugs and implications for Mexico. Norteamérica, 9(2), 59-85. https://doi.org/10.20999/nam.2014.b003

  WAR ON DRUGS

  Irving Toruno

  Senior Capstone in Criminal Justice

  Florida International University

   

  EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

  This paper contains a draft to the thesis statement that of the capstone research paper that I will write. Besides the thesis statement, it is also going to highlight the data that can be found on the articles that will be used for the final capstone project. The topic that I have selected for the capstone project is War on Drugs.

  Thesis statement: The American war in drugs has continued for many years now and has led to the creation of policies that are meant to aid the government in its war against drugs.

  1. COYNE AND HALL; 2017

  Contains a clear history of the War on Drugs that has been fought by America for many years now. The paper has made an analysis of some policies that are being used by America to stage the war against drugs. On a broader scope, the paper has made looked into the failures of some policies that are being used by the government.

  2. KOHN, KERLIKOWSKE & BOTTICELLI; 2018

  Addresses the war on drugs with an introduction of the war on drugs as well as its history, Kohn et al have presented a better way that the government can make its war against drugs better. The article has presented some approaches that can be used by the government on its war against drugs. A good example is highlighting the areas of collaboration that can be used by the law enforcement agencies of countries that are involved in the war against drugs.

  CONTEXT AND IMPORTANCE OF THE PROBLEM

  1. GLOVE, 2014

  The article for the capstone project addresses some of the issues that are being faced by the government as well as the challenges that it has encountered on its war against drugs. The implications it has on its partner’s such as Mexico have also been addressed in the article. The policies that have been made by the government as well as its neighbours has also been addressed in the article.

  2. LYNCH, 2012

  This article describes how the war on drugs has played a central role in US penal change, particularly its racialized impact. The implication of the discrimination in the war on drugs, premised in race, has been felt in many societies. It has affected many fields among them education and security. This article explains five definitive ways by which the contemporary regulation of drugs in the USA speaks to penal change, and in so doing suggests that its reach is much more diffuse, insidious, and variegated than suggested by prevailing conceptualizations of the drug war–punishment relationship

  3. BECKHAM & MURPHY; 2013

  The paper addresses the positions and steps, achievements and failures of the war on drugs since its on introduction by the president Richard Nixon in 1971. The expectation then was that drug trafficking in the United States could be greatly reduced in a short time through federal policing— and yet the war on drugs continues to this day. The cost has been large in terms of lives, money and the well-being of many Americans, especially the poor and less educated. The paper addresses by accounts, the gains from the war

  PRE-EXISTING POLICIES, POLICY OPTIONS AND RESEARCH

  1. COOPER, 2015

  War on Drugs policing has failed to reduce domestic street-level drug activity: the cost of drugs remains low and drugs remain widely available. In regard to the growing attention to police brutality in the United States, strategies and police-related violence against Black adolescents and adults in the United States. The article reviews historical connections between race ethnicity and police brutality, the ways that the War on Drugs eroded specific legal protections originally designed to curtail police powers; and the implications of these erosions for police brutality targeting Black communities

  2. ZARIELLO, GRAY; 2014

  This paper responds to the historical relationship between the two nations, and the policies that have been developed on the war against drugs. The War on Mexican Drugs is a now international security crisis continuing to threaten the stability between the US and its economically and politically significant southern neighbour. To assess how this conflict has escalated for decades and effectively respond to factors which exacerbate it, the paper analyses early interactions between the US and Mexico.

  CONCLUSION

  1. BECKHAM & MURPHY; 2013

  The paper addresses the positions and steps, achievements and failures of the war on drugs since its on introduction by the president Richard Nixon in 1971. The expectation then was that drug trafficking in the United States could be greatly reduced in a short time through federal policing— and yet the war on drugs continues to this day. The cost has been large in terms of lives, money and the well-being of many Americans, especially the poor and less educated. The paper addresses by accounts, the gains from the war

  POLICY RECOMMENDATIONS

  1. LYNCH, 2012

  This article describes how the war on drugs has played a central role in US penal change, particularly its racialized impact. The implication of the discrimination in the war on drugs, premised in race, has been felt in many societies. It has affected many fields among them education and security. This article explains five definitive ways by which the contemporary regulation of drugs in the USA speaks to penal change, and in so doing suggests that its reach is much more diffuse, insidious, and variegated than suggested by prevailing conceptualizations of the drug war–punishment relationship

  2. BECKHAM & MURPHY; 2013

  The paper addresses the positions and steps, achievements and failures of the war on drugs since its on introduction by the president Richard Nixon in 1971. The expectation then was that drug trafficking in the United States could be greatly reduced in a short time through federal policing— and yet the war on drugs continues to this day. The cost has been large in terms of lives, money and the well-being of many Americans, especially the poor and less educated. The paper addresses by accounts, the gains from the war

   

   

   

  REFERENCE PAGE

  Coyne, C. J., & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four Decades and Counting the Continued Failure of the War on Drugs.

  Cooper, H. L. (2015). War on drugs policing and police brutality. Substance use & misuse, 50(8-9), 1188-1194. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2015.1007669

  Grayson, K. (2003). Discourse, identity, and the US:‘war on drugs’. Critical reflections on transnational organized crime, money laundering and corruption. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 145-170.

  Kohn, H. K., Kerlikowske, G., & Botticelli, M. P. (2018). A SmarterWar on Drugs. Jama Forum, 320(22).

  Lynch, M. (2012). Theorizing the role of the ‘war on drugs’ in US punishment. Theoretical Criminology, 16(2), 175-199. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1362480612441700

  Becker, G. S., & Murphy, K. M. (2013). Have we lost the war on drugs?. Wall Street Journal, 4. Retrieved from https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b367d3ea2772c73017ac3fb/t/5c26278b8a922dfcc63bbb15/1546004363676/Have_We_Lost_the_War_on_Drugs.pdf

  Olives Thompson, G. (2014). Slowly learning the hard way: U.S. America’s war on drugs and implications for Mexico. Norteamérica, 9(2), 59-85. https://doi.org/10.20999/nam.2014.b003

  Zarriello, E., & Gray, D. H. (2014). The War Against Public Enemy Number One: US Miscalculations in Mexico’s War on Drugs. Global Security Studies, 5(3). Retrieved from https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-War-Against-Public-Enemy-Number-One%3A-U.S.-in-on-Zarriello-Gray/7908fc26900cc3d711ed47fe9b889ecb4c1cc44f?p2df

   

   

  2

  REFERENCE LIST

   

  Irving Toruno

  Florida International University

  Senior Capstone in Criminal Justice

   

   

  Coyne, C. J., & Hall, A. R. (2017). Four Decades and Counting the Continued Failure of the War on Drugs.

  The paper discuses the history on the war on drugs and the success and failures of the war. It focuses on external factors that have impacted on its performance over the years, since the inception of the war on drugs.

  Cooper, H. L. (2015). War on drugs policing and police brutality. Substance use & misuse, 50(8-9), 1188-1194. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.3109/10826084.2015.1007669

  This article addresses the violence, and prejudice associated with the war on drugs. The main focus is on police brutality, ethnicity and social discrimination that has been associated with the war on drugs. The paper will therefore be insightful on the impact of the war on drugs in the society.

  Kohn, H. K., Kerlikowske, G., & Botticelli, M. P. (2018). A SmarterWar on Drugs. Jama Forum, 320(22).

  The paper discusses the trend on war on drugs in the United States, its hindrances and possible solutions and alternatives that can benefit the war on drugs. It is therefore is a research paper on alternatives routes that can be employed by the government towards the fight against drugs.

  Lynch, M. (2012). Theorizing the role of the ‘war on drugs’ in US punishment. Theoretical Criminology, 16(2), 175-199. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1177%2F1362480612441700

  The paper focus on war on drugs, and its impact on penal change within the judicial system in the united states. It addresses the racial discrimination that has been purported through the war on drugs, particularly within the cities of United States. This paper will be important in assessing social impact of the war on drugs.

  Becker, G. S., & Murphy, K. M. (2013). Have we lost the war on drugs?. Wall Street Journal, 4. Retrieved from https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5b367d3ea2772c73017ac3fb/t/5c26278b8a922dfcc63bbb15/1546004363676/Have_We_Lost_the_War_on_Drugs.pdf

  The paper discusses the war on drugs since its inception by providing a cost benefit analysis on the project, evidence by both its failures and success. Financial analysis of the funds directed to the initiative and the results of the project are analyzed critically. The paper will be important in addressing the overall essence, based on past data of the war in